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What is a kidney ?







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People may be born with just one kidney, or have one removed after injury or for a donation. In general, people with one kidney have few or no health problems, and have a normal life expectancy, according to the National Kidney Foundation. Technically, people can live with no kidneys, but require dialysis.The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of your spine. Healthy kidneys filter about a half cup of blood every minute, removing wastes and extra water to make urine.

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Rejection

                                      Rejection  is a normal reaction of the body to a foreign object. When a new  kidney  is placed in     a person's body, the body sees the transplanted organ as a threat and tries to attack it. The         immune system makes antibodies to try to kill the new organ, not realizing that the                        transplanted  kidney  is beneficial. The anti-rejection medicine prevents your body from recognizing the kidney as a “foreign object.” Without enough of the medicine in your blood, your body “sees” the kidney and begins to attack it. Eventually you will damage enough of your kidney that you have to go back on dialysis.

Sometimes a live donor (usually a close family relative) will donate a kidney. Explain why these transplants often have a high rate of success.

                                                                                      A living related transplant is ‘better’ than a deceased donor transplant in that it is more likely to work. The best donor is an identical twin, as the tissue type is identical. Unfortunately, most people do not have an identical twin waiting to give them a kidney! However, a kidney from another relative/friend may be suitable Results. The three-year  survival rates  were 85 percent for  kidneys  from 368 spouses, 81 percent for  kidneys  from 129 living unrelated donors who were not married to the recipients, 82 percent for  kidneys  from 3368 parents, and 70 percent for 43,341 cadaveric  kidneys .

Kidney Transplant

                                                                                           Kidney transplantation or renal transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney into a                patient with end-stage kidney disease. Kidney transplantation is typically classified as                  deceased-donor or living-donor transplantation depending on the source of the donor organ.  During kidney transplant surgery, a surgeon places a healthy kidney into your body. ... Your surgeon connects the transplanted kidney to your blood vessels and your bladder. Your blood flows through an artery into the transplanted kidney, and a vein t...